Riyadh – September 26, 2025 | BETH

Scientific studies have revealed that the Umm Jirsan Cave, located north of Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, is the longest known lava tube in the Arabian Peninsula, stretching 1,350 meters in length, with a height of 12 meters and an approximate width of 45 meters.

According to research conducted by the Heritage Commission, in collaboration with King Saud University, the Saudi Geological Survey, and Germany’s Max Planck Institute, the cave hosted human settlement dating back to the Neolithic period, between 7,000 and 10,000 years ago, making it one of the oldest known settlement sites in the Arabian Peninsula.

Deep Civilizational Evidence

Remains of domesticated animals dating back to around 4100 BCE.

Human skulls estimated to be around 6000 BCE.

Stone tools, organic materials, and rock art depicting scenes of herding and hunting.

Natural and Human Heritage

Umm Jirsan Cave represents a unique model that combines natural and human heritage, reflecting the deep civilizational roots of Saudi Arabia. These findings are part of the Heritage Commission’s efforts to enhance knowledge of ancient societies, in line with Saudi Vision 2030 goals to highlight the Kingdom’s historical and cultural legacy.

A few days ago, the Saudi Heritage Commission announced the discovery of the oldest architectural settlement in the Arabian Peninsula, dating back 11,300 years.

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